As the world’s economic giant – the United States – continues to wage economic war against China, Mexico, Turkey and, more recently, India in establishing tariff barriers against their products, African countries have opted to spurn protectionism and embrace intraregional trade. A significant and historic step was taken on 30 May, as the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) came into effect. What does this all mean, and is it cause for celebration? A market potential for goods and services of 1.2 billion people, an aggregate gross domestic product (GDP) of $2.5trn, the reduction of tariffs and the free movement of labour is not to be sniffed at. I know this, as I come from a country of 2 million people and a GDP of circa $17.5bn. Investors want access to a large consumer base and the benefits of scale cannot be underestimated for attracting foreign direct investment. Yes, the agreement is indeed a cause for cautious celebration. The speed with which it has been brought into effect from June 2015, when the negotiations first commenced to establish the continental free trade area, to May 2019, when 51 of 54 African countries signed up, is nothing short of a miracle. We need to applaud the tenacity of our leaders in getting here.  As a continent, intraregional trade is an economic imperative. Currently only 12% of trade is within Africa, while 75% of our exports to the rest of the world are still mainly minerals (crude oil and copper), according to United Nations...

Sign up for Next China, a weekly email on where the nation stands now and where it’s going next. By many measures, China’s Belt and Road Initiative has been a monumental success. Since 2013, when China launched the effort to expand trade links, more than 130 countries have signed deals or expressed interest. The World Bank estimates some $575 billion worth of energy plants, railways, roads, ports and other projects have been built or are in the works. But President Xi Jinping’s signature effort has also come in for criticism, including accusations that China is luring poor countries into debt traps for its own political and strategic gain. The mixed reviews abroad and worries at home about the cost have led China into something of a reboot as it tries to increase transparency, improve project quality and reduce financial risks. 1. Where are the problems? Several countries have run into trouble with Belt and Road projects or had a rethink, often after a popular backlash, change of government or both. Complaints include corruption, padded contracts, heavy debt loads, environmental damage and a reliance on imported Chinese labor over local hires. Some examples: • Sri Lanka borrowed heavily to build a new port, couldn’t repay the loans, and then gave a state-owned Chinese company a 99-year lease in exchange for debt relief. The port has little business now but provides China a strategic berth along key shipping lanes. • China was set to lend Pakistan $8 billion to upgrade a railroad...

The African Development Bank (AfDB) has approved a 455 million U.S. dollars loan to Tanzania for the construction of a new airport and ring roads in the new capital Dodoma, a Tanzanian government statement said on Wednesday. The statement issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and East African Cooperation said the approval of the loan was announced by AfDB President Akinwumi Adesina in the bank’s headquarters in Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire, during talks with Minister for Foreign Affairs and East African Cooperation Palamagamba Kabudi. The statement said Adesina said the bank was impressed by economic reforms being implemented in Tanzania under the leadership of President John Magufuli. Adesina added that the bank will continue supporting efforts being taken by Tanzania aimed at turning the country into an industrial economy. The AfDB president said out of the 455 million dollars, 180 million dollars will be used for the construction of the ring roads and 275 million dollars for the construction of the airport. He said the bank’s chief mission was to ensure that African countries were fully supported in making remarkable development achievements. For his part, Kabudi thanked the AfDB for supporting the country’s strategic projects aimed at lessening Tanzania’s dependence on foreign handouts. Kabudi said the AfDB has agreed in principle to finance the construction of the standard gauge railway from Isaka to the Rwandan capital Kigali. “Talks between Tanzania and the AfDB on the financing of the construction of the SGR from Isaka to Kigali are on advanced stage,”...

With the United States and China locked in a trade war, climate action lagging behind climate reality, and the World Trade Organisation’s Appellate Body at risk of becoming inoperable, the theme of this week’s WTO public forum — “Trading Forward: Adapting to a Changing World” — couldn’t be more appropriate. But if the global trading system is to be adapted to twenty-first-century realities, careful attention must be paid to the needs of developing countries. Consider Africa, which has been working hard lately to deepen intra-continental trade and integration. While such efforts — most notably the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), have the potential to spur growth and development, their impact depends both on complementary global reforms and on countries’ implementation of WTO agreements. Success is far from guaranteed. The Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), which entered into force in 2017, is a case in point. One of the few WTO agreements to be ratified in recent years, the TFA places developing members’ ambitions at the forefront. It aims to expedite the movement, clearance and release of goods across borders; establishes measures for effective cooperation between customs and other relevant authorities; and provides for technical assistance and capacity building. The TFA recognises that trade facilitation rests on three key pillars: Simplification, harmonisation and transparency. Given its global uptake, it has the potential to ensure that reforms reflecting this recognition are “locked in” across countries, including those whose governments might otherwise be reluctant to implement them. For African countries that manage to implement the TFA...

With the United States and China locked in a trade war, climate action lagging behind climate reality, and the World Trade Organisation’s Appellate Body at risk of becoming inoperable, the theme of this week’s WTO public forum — “Trading Forward: Adapting to a Changing World” — couldn’t be more appropriate. But if the global trading system is to be adapted to twenty-first-century realities, careful attention must be paid to the needs of developing countries. Consider Africa, which has been working hard lately to deepen intra-continental trade and integration. While such efforts — most notably the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), have the potential to spur growth and development, their impact depends both on complementary global reforms and on countries’ implementation of WTO agreements. Success is far from guaranteed. The Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), which entered into force in 2017, is a case in point. One of the few WTO agreements to be ratified in recent years, the TFA places developing members’ ambitions at the forefront. It aims to expedite the movement, clearance and release of goods across borders; establishes measures for effective cooperation between customs and other relevant authorities; and provides for technical assistance and capacity building. The TFA recognises that trade facilitation rests on three key pillars: Simplification, harmonisation and transparency. Given its global uptake, it has the potential to ensure that reforms reflecting this recognition are “locked in” across countries, including those whose governments might otherwise be reluctant to implement them. For African countries that manage to implement the TFA...

The establishment of fully serviced industrial parks with plug and play facilities to attract investments is one of the proposed actions to gain quick wins in the promotion of the Cotton, Textiles and Apparels (CTA) Manufacturing Industries in East Africa. The first forum of owners CTA manufacturing industries held in Kigali, Rwanda days ago further proposed sustainable procurement of all institutional uniforms, beddings, draperies by state institutions from textiles and fabric industries in the region. Another resolution of the forum was to carry out campaigns on Buy East Africa, Wear East Africa including implementation of the declaration of Fridays as “Afrika Mashariki Fashion Day” and organizing the Annual “Afrika Mashariki Fashion Week” exhibition to precede the EAC Heads of States Summit Meetings normally held on November 30, every year. Themed, ‘Promoting Local Production and Consumption  of Cotton, Textile and Apparels (CTA) Made in the EAC Region’, the two-day forum was attended by participants from the ministries responsible for industry, trade, agriculture and EAC; private sector players, CTA industry associations, private sector associations, industry associations and development partners, among other stakeholders. The overall objective of the Forum was to ensure that the owners of CTA industries meet discuss pertinent issues within the sector and make useful and practical recommendations to the EAC Policy Organs especially the Heads of State Summit for purposes of promoting the sector. Opening the Forum, Rwanda’s Permanent Secretary of Trade and Industry, Michel Minega Sebera, noted that CTA has the potential to create employment, improve economic well-being and widen...

Tanzanian authorities said on Sunday plans were afoot to form a task force for addressing challenges facing business people and investors using the country's leading port of Dar es Salaam. Isack Kamwelwe, the east African nation's Minister for Works, Transport and Communication, said the task force will be formed by 22 institutions dealing with the port. "The government is keen on attracting businessmen and investors to use the Dar es Salaam port. And this will be achieved by doing away with challenges they face at the port," Kamwelwe told a news conference in the commercial capital Dar es Salaam. "There are 22 institutions that the government will like to work with to speed up clearance of cargo at the port." he said. He mentioned some of the institutions that will form the task force as Tanzania Ports Authority, Tanzania Revenue Authority, Tanzania Food and Drugs Authority, Tanzania Bureau of Standards and Tanzania Shipping Agencies Corporation. Kamwelwe said there had been complaints by some businessmen and investors using the port, including delay in clearance of cargo. He said the government has been working to improve efficiency of the port, one of the country's three ports. Other two ports are in Tanga and Mtwara regions. Source: Xinhau

ESTABLISHMENT of fully serviced industrial parks with plug and production facilities to attract investments is one of the proposed actions to gain quick wins in the promotion of the cotton, textiles and apparels (CTA) manufacturing industries in East Africa. The 1st forum of owners of cotton, textiles and apparels (CTA) manufacturing industries was held in Kigali mid this week with Rwanda proposing for sustainable procurement of all institutional uniforms, beddings, draperies by state institutions from textiles and fabric industries in the region. Another resolution of the forum was to carry out campaigns on ‘Buy East Africa, Wear East Africa including implementation of the declaration of Fridays as ‘Afrika Mashariki Fashion Day’ and organising the Annual ‘Afrika Mashariki Fashion Week’ exhibition to precede the EAC Heads of States Summit Meetings normally held on 30th November every year. Opening the Forum, Rwanda’s Permanent Secretary of Trade and Industry, Michel Minega Sebera, noted that CTA has the potential to create employment, improve economic well-being and widen the tax base in the region. Sebera called on EAC partner states to fast track the phasing out of the second hand clothes in order to reap the benefits of the sector. He informed the meeting that in 2016, Rwanda started implementing the Summit directives and embarked on the phase out of second hand clothes. The PS disclosed that the phasing out of second hand clothes in Rwanda had attracted new investments in the sector and led to more than 15 new companies investing in apparels. He...

It is an indisputable fact that African countries do not trade enough among themselves. To make any meaningful headway and register economic growth, countries within the continent must boost intra-regional trade. This will also help accelerate economic growth and development on the continent. The government of The Gambia through the Ministry of Trade, Industry, Regional Integration and Employment in collaboration with partners has been spearheading initiatives geared towards promoting trade within our continent. Regional trade integration has long been a strategic objective for Africa with some success in eliminating tariffs within regional communities. However, more still needs to be done. The signing of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Agreement by the overwhelming majority of African countries is a historic step towards rationalising Africa’s regional trade arrangements, deepen economic integration and draw on economies of scale and development of regional value chains. These many believe, would further accelerate the process of structural transformation of African economies. As a flagship project of the African Union Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want, the AfCFTA seeks to bring on board all the 55 African countries with a combined population of more than 1.2 billion people and a combined gross domestic product (GDP) exceeding US$2.5 trillion, making the continent the largest free trade area created since the formation of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). Analyst believe that Africa could double intra-regional trade by easing non-tariff barriers, including customs procedures and improving the continent’s poor transport infrastructure; that doing this will help boost economic...

On May 30, 2019 Africa made history as the Agreement establishing the AfCFTA officially entered into force. With 54 out of the 55 member states of the African Union signing the agreement, Africa brought into being the largest trading block since the formation of the WTO. The entry into force of the AfCFTA is also marked by the speed at which African countries worked together within a year to establish a regional trading block to promote intra-African trade following the adoption of the AfCFTA on March 21, 2018 in Kigali, Rwanda. Following the ratification and entry into force of the AfCFTA, 5 supporting Operational Instruments were launched during the AU Summit held in Niamey, Niger in July 2019. These instruments are the key tools that will support the launch of the operational phase of the AfCFTA with start of trading scheduled for July 2020. The occasion also marked the announcement of the Republic of Ghana as the country to host the AfCFTA Secretariat. The operational instruments of the AfCFTA 1.The Rules of Origin: A regime governing the conditions under which a product or service can be traded duty free across the region. 2. The Tariff concessions: It has been agreed that there should be 90 per cent tariff liberalisation and the deadline is 1st July 2020. (Over a 10 year period with a 5 year transition, there will be an additional 7 per cent for “sensitive products” that must be liberalised). This will be supported by the AfCFTA Trade in Goods online portal...