On November 30, 2013, the heads of the East African Community (EAC) member states signed the Monetary Union (EAMU) Protocol in Kampala. This is the third pillar of the EAC integration. According to Article 5 of the Treaty establishing the EAC, the integration is anchored on four major pillars: customs union, common market, monetary union, and political federation. The Customs Union Protocol was signed in 2004, and came into effect on July 1, 2005. The Common Market Protocol came into effect on July 1, 2010 having been signed on November 30, 2009. Following the signing of the EAMU protocol, we have been inundated with questions from stakeholders about its implications and when the EAC shall fully realize its provisions. To begin with, a monetary union is a group of two or more states sharing a common currency and with common fiscal and monetary policies. An example of a monetary union is the European Union where several countries use the Euro and monetary policies are conducted by the European Central Bank. A monetary union can have different currencies, but with a fixed mutual exchange rate monitored and controlled by one central bank (or several central banks with closely coordinated monetary policies). In the African context, we have examples of other regional economic communities in advanced stages of implementing monetary unions as part of their broader integration agenda. One example is the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) - comprising Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo...

At least 350,000 women in East Africa are set to be supported to become import and export traders to take advantage of the region's common market, top official of the implementing agency Trade Mark East Africa said in Nairobi on Wednesday. Frank Matsaert, the CEO of Trade Mark East Africa, said the support has been motivated by the fact that 5,000 women targeted in the phase one of the project and another 25,000 in phase two since 2010 had doubled their income. "This is a commitment we are making today to ensure that women of East Africa fully benefit from the common market," he said during the launch of a report in Nairobi on accessing how women have fared in trade within the regional bloc. "Women play a crucial role in growing trade and therefore economies within East Africa. We therefore need to find ways of supporting women in business. It is about partnerships with various organizations," Matsaert added. Trade Mark East Africa is a non-profit body that works with various partners to grow potential or intra-East Africa and the region's potential to export. Its various activities indicate that it has been active and instrumental in reforming border point entries to ease business environment especially for the small-scale traders selling across borders. The organization said its flagship project has been One Stop Border Post Program, which facilitates joint processing to reduce transit costs incurred in cross border movement by combining the activities of both country's border organizations and agencies at...

Arusha. The East African Community (EAC) is expected to lay the carpet for its investment needs during a forum slated for Berlin next week. "There will be a high level discussions in which investment proposals will be laid bare", said the secretary general Liberat Mfumukeko. Speaking here on Friday after hosting the German Foreign minister Haiko Mass, the SG said EAC has ample opportunities for private sector investment from the European economic power house. Major German companies and potential investors with foothold in Africa will be at the May 15th forum in Berlin, the capital city. The event will be coordinated by the German-African Business Association (Verein der Deutschen Wirtschaft) and the East African Business Council (EABC). "The forum will define new areas of cooperation between Germany and EAC, specifically to enhance private sector investment in our region", he said. According to Amb. Mfumukeko, Germany had supported the EAC to the tune of 290 million Euros in the last two decades. The support include the construction of the EAC headquarters in Arusha and capacity building for EABC, the apex body of the private sector associations in the region. The forum will be taking place as the EAC and German were finalizing an agreement of 5m Euros to support the small and micro enterprises sector in EA. "The aim of the project is to improve opportunities for growth for SMEs in the region", the Community boss explained as he met the German delegation. On April 9th this year, the two sides...

The Government of Rwanda and Trademark East Africa have undertaken a project to set up four cargo and passenger ports at Lake Kivu, a move intended to develop trade, maritime transport and tourism around the lake, government officials have said. The Rwf22 billion project which will be built in the four districts of Rubavu (Nyamyumba), Rusizi ( Bugiki), Karongi (at the Karongi cross-border market); and Rutsiro (Nkora region). Speaking to Sunday Times, the Planning Division Manager at Rwanda Transport Development Agency (RTDA), Fabrice Barisanga, said the construction will start towards the end of 2018 and will be completed by end of 2019, and be used in 2020. There will be three major ports with capacity of about 1.5 million passengers per year in 2020, projected to reach 2.8 million by 2036, while a smaller one in Karongi will start with a capacity of about 300,000 passengers per year by 2020 and 400,000 passengers by 2036. The port maximum cargo handling capacity is 580,000 tonnes, while the minimum is 270,000 tonnes. He said that there will be more passengers using maritime transport because it will be more affordable than road transport. Some companies that could benefit from using the facilities include brewer BRALIRWA), cement producer, CIMERWA, tea factories, and coffee companies in Western Province. Barisanga revealed that they already have about 44% of the required budget, and are looking for support from various partners. The ports will boost cross-border trade as many people come from the DR Congo to buy products...

The success of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) agreement will significantly rest on the ability of Africa’s private sector to produce goods for the market, the President of the African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank), has said. Dr Benedict Oramah said there is need for the private sector to take advantage of the opportunities that the AfCFTA presents, including through developing viable manufacturing hubs. He noted that there is also an opportunity whereby countries can access raw materials and other intermediate goods from fellow African countries for further processing and export at competitive rates. Afreximbank is working actively with the African Union Commission to ensure the realisation of the goals of the AfCFTA, he said, adding that the Bank was willing to help African businesses with “information, market intelligence and financing”, which would enable them to take advantage of the opportunities that AfCFTA presents. The AfCFTA has potential to increase a country’s trade with the rest of Africa by at least fivefold. The agreement was signed by 44 countries in March this year and nations are expected to ratify the deal in their respective parliaments. The agreement could drive up intra-Africa trade by about 52 per cent, according to estimates by United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. Intra-Africa trade is currently at about 14 per cent. AfCFTA implementation is also expected to lead to the creation of more jobs for the continent’s growing population by enabling growth of manufacturing sector and reducing reliance on extractive exports. Extractive exports on which...

Prime Minister Edouard Ngirente has called for increased building of capacities among customs officers to curb instances of insecurity, import of illicit drugs, human trafficking and trading in counterfeits which are on the increase. The premier was speaking yesterday at the 23rd World Customs Organisation, East and Southern Africa (WCO ESA) Governing Council Meeting at the Kigali Convention Centre. The WCO ESA is composed of 24 regional countries and is involved in ensuring efficiency and effectiveness of customs authorities of member states. Ngirente said that though a lot has been done in building capacities of revenue and customs officials to curb cross-border concerns, especially those listed, there was need to do more. “Though a lot has been done in building the capacity of officers in charge of collecting and managing customs in East and Southern Africa Region, equipping them further with modern methods of conducting customs’ activities, including application of IT, needs to continue. “This is key as countries work against issues related to cross-border security, illegal importation of illicit drugs, human trafficking and illegal trading in general,” he said. The Prime Minister noted that the recently signed African Continental Free Trade Area agreement will increase the role and significance of custom authorities across the continent. With the agreement expected to significantly increase cross-border trade, customs authorities will require increased skills to deal with emerging trends in trade, he said. “This gathering comes at an opportune time. It follows the recent decision of the African Union leaders who, in their...

Nairobi. Kenya’s exports to the East African region fell to $1.14b last year from $1.21b in 2016, largely due to a slowdown in the performance of manufacturing sector and persistent trade disputes with Tanzania. The Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) Economic Survey 2018 shows that Kenya’s trade with East Africa member states dropped from $1.26b in 2015. Uganda, Kenya’s biggest regional market, sliced its imports from Kenya to $618m from $622m the previous year. Exports to Rwanda also dropped to $171m, from $175m in 2016. Tanzania recorded the biggest cut in imports, from $348m in 2016 to $285m last year. The manufacturing sector output volume declined by 1.1 per cent mainly on account of reduced production of food products, beverages and tobacco, leather and related products, rubber and plastics and non-metallic minerals. Comesa imports Cement exports to Uganda fell by 21.7 per cent. Other commodity exports to Uganda that recorded a decline in earnings were alcohol, phenols and their derivatives, salt, medicinal and pharmaceutical products and iron and steel products. Nonetheless, East Africa remained the leading destination of Kenya’s exports, despite a 4.6 per cent decline in the value of total exports during the year. “The decline in total export earnings from the East African Community is partly attributed to a reduction in the value of exports to Africa, since the region accounts for more than half of total exports to the continent,” KNBS said. Kenya also registered the highest increase in imports from the continent — a 43...

The sweaty mechanic tossed aside the used jeans one by one, digging deep through the pile of secondhand clothes that are at the center of another, if little-noticed, Trump administration trade war. The used clothes cast off by Americans and sold in bulk in African nations, a multi-million-dollar business, have been blamed in part for undermining local textile industries. Now Rwanda has taken action, raising tariffs on the clothing in defiance of US pressure. In response, the US says it will suspend duty-free status for clothing manufactured in Rwanda under the trade programme known as African Growth and Opportunity Act. President Donald Trump’s decision has not gone down well in Rwanda, a nation still trying to heal the scars of genocide 24 years ago. Similar US action against neighboring countries could follow; as Uganda and Tanzania have pledged to raise tariffs and phase in a ban on used clothing imports by 2019. The action against Rwanda comes just weeks after Trump met Rwandan President Paul Kagame at the World Economic Forum and called him a friend, as the US President sought to calm anger in Africa over his reported vulgar comments about the continent. Kagame currently chairs the African Union, where heads of state just days after the meeting drafted, but decided against issuing, a blistering statement on Trump. The US trade action is finding a mixed response in Africa, with some upset at Trump again, while others defend the secondhand clothing as popular, inexpensive and well-made. The US is...

Kenya wants to become the permanent seat of the East Africa Court of Justice, which currently holds its sittings in Arusha, Tanzania. Attorney General Kihara Kariuki said on Thursday the move was part of the integration process for the mutual benefit of all citizens and the development of the region. Currently, only the President and Registrar are based at the court with the judges serving only on a needs basis. The judges are also serving within their different member state jurisdictions, a move that is expensive and not sustainable. SUPPORT Mr Kariuki made the revelations when he received the President of the East Africa Court of Justice Emmanuel Ugirashebuja. Supporting the sentiments, Justice Ugirashebuja time has come for the Court to have a permanent home since all its operations are now fully on course. Justice Ugirashebuja said Nairobi is ideal for the court since it is the regional hub. Justice Ugirashebuja, from Rwanda, is the fourth President of the Court. He was appointed Judge of Appeal by the Summit of the EAC Heads of State in November 2013 and the President the following year. The court has eleven judges, five of the Appellate Division and six judges of the First Instance. Justice Ugirashebuja is in the country to seek Kenya’s support in amending two sections of the Treaty for the Establishment of the East African Community. The treaties will enable the establishment of the permanent seat of the EACJ and securing the security of tenure for judges. The Treaty established...

The East African Community on Wednesday launched a simple guide for cross-border traders in Busia. The guide, launched in partnership with the Kenyan government, is aimed at improving cross-border trade especially among women from the member states. It provides information on existing policies, procedures, tariffs, exemptions and facilities available to cross-border traders. Mr Samwel Mwangi, senior assistant director for regional integration, said the guide was created to fill information gaps and numerous challenges faced by women that deny them opportunities to trade freely. “Most of them do not know the privileges they have and some of the laws that usually favour them. This has made them not thrive in the business,” said Mr Mwangi. GAP Mrs Florence Atieno, chairperson of Busia Women Cross-border Traders Association urged partners working at the border points to conduct several campaigns to inform the traders on the new guide. She also asked for establishment of a central market and storage facilities at the Busia border. Dr Kirsten Focken, GIZ Cluster Coordinator, said the guides for small-scale women traders are an important initiative to bridge the gender income inequality gap. “We need to jointly investigate further where laws and regulatory environments facilitate or hinder gender equality and women’s economic participation and develop specific activities and interventions to remove the barriers,” said Dr Focken. The GIZ coordinator pointed out that if women had the same access to productive resources as men, they could increase export and import income by 20 to 30 per cent and expand their business distribution channels...